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Numerals

Cardinal numbers

Ones Ten and over 20 and over 30 and over
0 nil 10 (un) des 20 du des 30 tri des
1 un 11 des un 21 du des un 31 tri des un
2 du 12 des du 22 du des du 32 tri des du
3 tri 13 des tri 23 du des tri 33 tri des tri
4 car 14 des car 24 du des car 34 tri des car
5 pen 15 des pen 25 du des pen 35 tri des pen
6 luk 16 des luk 26 du des luk 36 tri des luk
7 chet 17 des chet 27 du des chet 37 tri des chet
8 bat 18 des bat 28 du des bat 38 tri des bat
9 nau 19 des nau 29 du des nau 39 tri des nau
Ones Tens Hundreds Thousands
1 un 10 (un) des 100 un cento 1000 un kilo
2 du 20 du des 200 du cento 2000 du kilo
3 tri 30 tri des 300 tri cento 3000 tri kilo
4 car 40 car des 400 car cento 4000 car kilo
5 pen 50 pen des 500 pen cento 5000 pen kilo
6 luk 60 luk des 600 luk cento 6000 luk kilo
7 chet 70 chet des 700 chet cento 7000 chet kilo
8 bat 80 bat des 800 bat cento 8000 bat kilo
9 nau 90 nau des 900 nau cento 9000 nau kilo

Greater numbers follow the same logic as above.

10'000 un des kilo
100'000 un cento kilo
1'000'000 un mega
10'000'000 un des mega
100'000'000 un cento mega
1'000'000'000 un kilo mega

Note: The words "billion" and "milliard" are not used in Pandunia because their meanings are different from country to country. Instead, one should say tauzen milion (thousand millions) or un giga.

The prefixes of the International System of Units (SI) are used in common language in Pandunia. It is normal to say, for example:
bat giga person jive en Dunia.
– Eight billion (or milliard) people live on Earth.

Prefix Symbol Base 10 Decimal
deka da 10¹ 10
heto h 10² 100
kilo k 10³ 1'000
mega M 10⁶ 1'000'000
giga G 10⁹ 1'000'000'000
tera T 10¹² 1'000'000'000'000
peta P 10¹⁵ 1'000'000'000'000'000
exa E 10¹⁸ 1'000'000'000'000'000'000
zeta Z 10²¹ 1'000'000'000'000'000'000'000
yota Y 10²⁴ 1'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Cardinal number before noun

Quantity can be expressed with numerals and other quantity-words. They are put before the word or phrase that they qualify.

un sing – one star
du sing – two stars
tri sing – three stars
kam sing – few stars
multi sing – many stars

un dai kursi – one big chair
du dai kursi – two big chairs
tri dai kursi – three big chairs

Ordinal numbers

Ordinal numbers are similar to cardinal numbers but they are placed after the noun that they modify.

parte un – part one (the first part)
parte du – part two (the second part)
parte tri – part three (the third part)

Classifiers of measurement

The classifier of measurement or a measure word is a word that occurs between a numeral and a noun. It indicates how the referent of the noun is measured, contained or packaged. Classifiers of measurement is an open class of words, which includes, among many others, litre 'liter', mitre 'meter', botil 'bottle', kupa 'cup, mug', pake 'package', pote 'pot', sake 'bag, sack', tin 'can, tin' tong 'cask, barrel'.

Measure words are used in this simple structure: number + measure word + ze + noun.

du litre ze jus – two liters of juice
tri metre ze kable – three meters of wire
un kupa ze kafe – a cup of cofee
du botle ze vin – two bottles of wine
tri sake ze patato – three sacks of potatoes
car tin ze limon jus – four cans of lemonade

Fractions

Fractions are formed with the help of the word parte 'part'.

Fractions can be interpreted in two ways. Firstly, the word parte can be interpreted as a classifier of measurement. Then, for example, du parte tri is interpreted as 'two parts of three (parts)'. Secondly, the last numeral can be understood as an ordinal number that modifies parte. Then, for example, du parte tri is interpreted as 'two thirds'. Both interpretations lead to the same result that du parte tri stands for '2/3' in mathematical symbols.

un parte du – a half (½)
un parte car – one fourth, one quarter (¼)
tri parte car – three fourths, three quarters (¾)
un parte hunde – one hundredth, one percent (1%)
un parte tauzen – one thousandth, one permille (1‰)

Fractions are connected to their noun head with ze.

un parte du ze haur – a half (of an) hour
faif ten parte hunde ze jen – fifty percent of people
du parte tri ze keke – two thirds of a cake

In addition, there is also a longer pattern for forming fractions. It uses the pattern X of Y parte ('X of Y parts').

un of du parte – one of two parts, a half (½)
un of car parte – one of four parts, a quarter (¼)
tri of car parte – three of four parts, three quarters (¾)
un of hunde parte – one of hundred parts, a percent (1%)
un of tauzen parte – one of thousand parts, a permille (1‰)

Date

Days of the week

Days of the week are named after celestial bodies according to the historical international system and they include the word den ('day, 24 hours').

  1. lunaden – Monday
  2. marisden – Tuesday
  3. merkurden – Wednesday
  4. mushinden – Thursday
  5. zukraden – Friday
  6. shaniden – Saturday
  7. solden – Sunday

Months

Names of the months are made up of the number of the month and mes ('month') is used.

  1. mes un – January
  2. mes du – February
  3. mes tri – March
  4. mes car – April
  5. mes pen – May
  6. mes luk – June
  7. mes chet – July
  8. mes bat – August
  9. mes nau – September
  10. mes des – October
  11. mes des un – November
  12. mes des du – December

Date format

The date formats use the ordinal number after the noun pattern. The day, month and year ordered from the longest period of time to the shortest, i.e. day first and year last, or vice versa i.e. year first and day last. Month is always in the middle.

nen 2022 mes 9 den 17 ~ den 17 mes 9 nen 2002

There are also two short formats without the year.

mes 9 den 17 ~ den 17 mes 9

Time

The normal pattern for telling time is haur H e M, where H stands for hours and M stands for minutes. We always use this direct pattern, and we never use words like past and to in Pandunia.

haur tri – three o'clock
haur tri e nil – three o'clock sharp
haur tri e pen – three oh-five – or five past three
haur tri e des – three ten – or ten past three
haur tri e des pen – three fifteen – or quarter past three
haur tri e tri des – three thirty – or half past three
haur tri e car des pen – three forty-five – or quarter to four
haur tri e pen des – three fifty – or ten to four
haur tri e pen des pen – three-fifty-five – or five to four

The 24 hour clock

Normally we use the 24 hour clock to tell the time in Pandunia.

01:00 = haur un – one o'clock ~ one hundred hours
01:15 = haur un e des pen – one fifteen ~ one hundred fifteen hours
01:30 = haur un e tri des – one thirty ~ one hundred thirty hours
13:00 = haur des tri – thirteen o'clock ~ thirteen hundred hours
13:15 = haur des tri e des pen – thirteen fifteen ~ thirteen hundred fifteen hours
13:30 = haur des tri e tri des – thirteen thirty ~ thirteen hundred thirty hours

The 12 hour clock

The 12 hour clock splits the day into two 12 hour sections. One lasts from midnight to noon and the second half lasts from noon to midnight. Hours before noon are called AM (pronounced ah-em), which comes from the phrase ante mide den, which means 'before midday'. Hours after noon are called PM (pronounced peh-em), which comes from the phrase pos mide den, which means 'after midday'.

Before midday we say:

🕐 = haur un AM – one AM
🕜 = haur un e tri ten AM – one thirty AM
🕔 = haur pen AM – five AM
🕙 = haur des AM – ten AM

After midday we say:

🕐 = haur un PM – one PM
🕜 = haur un e tri des PM – one thirty PM 🕔 = haur pen PM – five PM
🕙 = haur des PM – ten PM